Today marks 2 months since the start of the second war.
The first war (less than a year ago) began on June 13 with an Israeli attack and lasted 12 days, with about 1,000 deaths. At the end of that war, the United States intervened in a limited way and bombed an underground nuclear facility, but in the second war, which began on February 28, 2026, the United States had a much larger presence.
Of course, Israel also had the full support of the United States in the first war.
The second war began with the assassination of the Supreme Leader and lasted 40 days, followed by a ceasefire that is still ongoing. According to official statistics, about 3,500 people were killed in the second war, 1,500 of whom were civilians.
Ali Khamenei ruled Iran with absolute power for nearly 37 years. He was also the President of the Islamic Republic of Iran for 8 years before becoming the leader. In all of Iran’s long history, there are very few people (perhaps fewer than 5) who have ruled Iran for such a long time. He intensified hostility towards Israel, expanded covert nuclear activities, and sidelined many of his critics.
For the past 37 years, Ayatollah Khamenei has been the supreme commander of the military and police, the judiciary, various parallel intelligence agencies, the country’s only radio and television, the election certification body, and many wealthy organizations. His representatives have been effective in all provinces and organizations, regardless of the outcome of a particular election.
These broad powers were vested in the Supreme Leader under the “Velayat Faqih” formula established by Ayatollah Khomeini.
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